Skip to content
Home Academy Constellations & Orbits in Practice Altitude tradeoffs
LESSON 02 OF 6

Altitude tradeoffs

Beginner ~9 min Slide deck Free

Altitude is the single parameter that most dramatically shapes what a constellation can do. Moving from LEO to GEO changes footprint by 100×, latency by 100×, and satellites needed by 1000×.

Altitude is the single parameter that most dramatically shapes what a constellation can do. Moving from LEO to GEO changes footprint by 100×, latency by 100×, and satellites needed by 1000×.

What this lesson covers

Coverage vs Satellites Required

GEO is incredibly efficient for broad coverage. But physics demands you pay for that efficiency in latency.

Why Mega-LEO Exists

LEO broadband constellations are a direct response to GEO's latency and capacity limitations.

Key facts

💡Starlink delivers ~100–200 Mbps to a user terminal. A GEO sat sharing capacity across a hemisphere delivers far less per user.
Altitude buys coverage — but you pay with latency and power.

This tradeoff explains why the space industry has radically shifted toward LEO for communications — and why tracking now handles thousands of satellites rather than dozens.

All lessons in Constellations & Orbits in Practice
01Planes, spacing, shells~9 min02Altitude tradeoffs~9 min03Phasing & deployment~10 min04Station-keeping~9 min05Operational vs drifting~9 min06Mega-constellations: SSA challenges~9 min
← Planes, spacing, shellsAll 6 LessonsPhasing & deployment →
🪐Support Us