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ESO

Re-entered 17 Oct 1977

ESO (NORAD 9999, COSPAR 1976-124S) was a SU satellite that re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 17 Oct 1977, launched on 17 Dec 1976 on the Romb 2 mission. It was operated by PVO as part of the ESO programme. The spacecraft was built by YUZH on the ESO bus, with a mass of 5 kg. Like most satellites in low orbits, it was gradually slowed by atmospheric drag until re-entry. Historical record from Orbital Radar's satellite archive, cross-referenced with the live satellite catalogue.

1976
launched
1977
re-entered
1
year on orbit
5
kg mass

Lifecycle

Launched17 Dec 1976 · on the Romb 2 mission
Operational10 May 1977 · entered service
Retired10 May 1977 · end of operational service
Re-entered17 Oct 1977 · atmospheric re-entry — object destroyed

Specifications

NORAD ID9999
COSPAR1976-124S
TypeSatellite
OperatorPVO
Country / StateSU
ManufacturerYUZH
BusESO
Mass5 kg
ProgrammeESO
CategoryCAL
OrbitLEO (LLEO/I)
Altitude405 × 478 km
Inclination65.9°

Frequently asked questions

What happened to ESO?

ESO re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 17 Oct 1977, ending a mission that began with its launch in 1976. Objects in low orbits are gradually slowed by atmospheric drag until they fall back and burn up on re-entry.

When did ESO re-enter the atmosphere?

ESO re-entered on 17 Oct 1977, according to Orbital Radar's historical catalogue records.

Who operated and built ESO?

ESO was operated by PVO and built by YUZH (SU).

Launched together

Taifun-2B (02)Re-entered 1979ESORe-entered 1977ESORe-entered 1977ESORe-entered 1977ESORe-entered 1977ESORe-entered 1977ESORe-entered 1977ESORe-entered 1977
Historical record from the Orbital Radar satellite archive. Sources & methodology: data sources. Accessed 2026-09-06.