VEP

VEP is an active satellite operated by Japan, launched on 1994-02-03 from TNSTA. With over 32 years in orbit, it has far exceeded many satellites’ design lifetimes. It orbits in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at altitudes between 421 km and 35,880 km with an inclination of 29.2°. It travels at approximately 14,514 km/h (4.03 km/s), completing one full orbit every 10 hours 37 minutes — that’s roughly 2.26 orbits per day. Its orbital eccentricity of 0.7230 gives it a noticeably elliptical path, with significant altitude variation between perigee and apogee. Orbital Radar tracks VEP in real time using the latest two-line element set (TLE) data, providing live position, altitude, speed and orbital path updated continuously.

VEP orbits at an average altitude of 18,151 km in Medium Earth Orbit, the region between LEO and GEO (2,000–35,786 km). MEO’s higher altitude gives each satellite a much larger ground footprint than LEO, meaning fewer spacecraft are needed for global coverage — but signal latency is higher and radiation from the Van Allen belts is a significant design constraint. Within ±50 km of VEP’s average altitude, there are currently 2 active payloads and 20 tracked debris or rocket body fragments. This is a relatively sparse altitude band, containing less than 1% of all active satellites. With an inclination of 29.2°, VEP passes over latitudes between 29.2°N and 29.2°S, covering the tropical and temperate zones where most of the world’s population resides. Low-to-mid inclination orbits are efficient to reach from equatorial and mid-latitude launch sites. Japan operates approximately 189 active satellites in total.