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ESO

Re-entered 1 May 1981

ESO (NORAD 12412, COSPAR 1980-047H) was a SU satellite that re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 1 May 1981, launched on 6 Jun 1980 on the Romb mission. It was operated by PVO as part of the ESO programme. The spacecraft was built by YUZH on the ESO bus, with a mass of 5 kg. Like most satellites in low orbits, it was gradually slowed by atmospheric drag until re-entry. Historical record from Orbital Radar's satellite archive, cross-referenced with the live satellite catalogue.

1980
launched
1981
re-entered
1
year on orbit
5
kg mass

Lifecycle

Launched6 Jun 1980 · on the Romb mission
Operational21 Apr 1981 · entered service
Retired21 Apr 1981 · end of operational service
Re-entered1 May 1981 · atmospheric re-entry — object destroyed

Specifications

NORAD ID12412
COSPAR1980-047H
TypeSatellite
OperatorPVO
Country / StateSU
ManufacturerYUZH
BusESO
Mass5 kg
ProgrammeESO
CategoryCAL
OrbitLEO (LLEO/I)
Altitude414 × 453 km
Inclination74.0°

Frequently asked questions

What happened to ESO?

ESO re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 1 May 1981, ending a mission that began with its launch in 1980. Objects in low orbits are gradually slowed by atmospheric drag until they fall back and burn up on re-entry.

When did ESO re-enter the atmosphere?

ESO re-entered on 1 May 1981, according to Orbital Radar's historical catalogue records.

Who operated and built ESO?

ESO was operated by PVO and built by YUZH (SU).

Launched together

Taifun-2A (04)Re-entered 1982ESORe-entered 1981ESORe-entered 1981ESORe-entered 1981ESORe-entered 1980ESORe-entered 1980ESORe-entered 1981ESORe-entered 1981
Historical record from the Orbital Radar satellite archive. Sources & methodology: data sources. Accessed 2026-09-06.