COSMOS 2011

COSMOS 2011 is an active satellite operated by Russia (CIS), launched on 1989-03-24 from PKMTR. With over 37 years in orbit, it has far exceeded many satellites’ design lifetimes. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 1,439 km and 1,471 km with an inclination of 74.0°. It travels at approximately 25,692 km/h (7.14 km/s), completing one full orbit every 115 minutes — that’s roughly 12.52 orbits per day. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is thousands of years. Orbital Radar tracks COSMOS 2011 in real time using the latest two-line element set (TLE) data, providing live position, altitude, speed and orbital path updated continuously.

COSMOS 2011 orbits at an average altitude of 1,455 km in the uppermost reaches of Low Earth Orbit. At this altitude, orbital decay is effectively zero without active deorbiting, and coverage footprints are significantly larger than lower LEO, though at the cost of higher latency. Within ±50 km of COSMOS 2011’s average altitude, there are currently 430 active payloads and 236 tracked debris or rocket body fragments. With an inclination of 74.0°, COSMOS 2011 passes over latitudes between 74.0°N and 74.0°S, covering most populated land masses in both hemispheres. This mid-inclination band balances global coverage with efficient launch energy requirements. Russia (CIS) operates approximately 1,285 active satellites in total, of which 391 share a similar altitude band with COSMOS 2011.