COSMOS 2151

COSMOS 2151 is an active satellite operated by GRU (Russia (CIS)), launched on 1991-06-13 from Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia on the Tselina-R launch. With over 35 years in orbit, it has far exceeded many satellites’ design lifetimes. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 556 km and 574 km with an inclination of 82.5°. It travels at approximately 27,291 km/h (7.58 km/s), completing one full orbit every 96 minutes — that’s roughly 15.01 orbits per day. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is ~3–10 years. Orbital Radar tracks COSMOS 2151 in real time using the latest two-line element set (TLE) data, providing live position, altitude, speed and orbital path updated continuously.

COSMOS 2151 orbits at an average altitude of 565 km in the core of Low Earth Orbit, the most heavily utilised altitude band. The balance of moderate drag (limiting debris accumulation) and short signal path (enabling low-latency links and high-resolution imaging) makes this regime the default for most commercial and government missions. Within ±50 km of COSMOS 2151’s average altitude, there are currently 1,480 active payloads and 502 tracked debris or rocket body fragments — notable neighbours include ONEWEB-0050, STARLINK-1522, STARLINK-2112. This makes it one of the more crowded altitude bands, containing roughly 7.9% of all active satellites. With an inclination of 82.5°, COSMOS 2151 passes over latitudes between 82.5°N and 82.5°S, providing near-global coverage including the polar regions. Polar and near-polar orbits are used for reconnaissance, weather monitoring and Earth-observation missions that need to image every part of the planet. Russia (CIS) operates approximately 1,536 active satellites in total, of which 32 share a similar altitude band with COSMOS 2151.