SAUDISAT 2

SAUDISAT 2 is an active satellite operated by Riyadh Space Research Institute (SAUD), launched on 2004-06-29 from Baikonur, Kazakhstan. With over 22 years in orbit, it has far exceeded many satellites’ design lifetimes. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 687 km and 721 km with an inclination of 98.5°. It travels at approximately 27,021 km/h (7.51 km/s), completing one full orbit every 99 minutes — that’s roughly 14.57 orbits per day. Its near-polar, sun-synchronous orbit means it passes over any given point on Earth at approximately the same local solar time, ideal for consistent Earth observation lighting conditions. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is ~25–100 years. Orbital Radar tracks SAUDISAT 2 in real time using the latest two-line element set (TLE) data, providing live position, altitude, speed and orbital path updated continuously.

SAUDISAT 2 orbits at an average altitude of 704 km in a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), a specialised subset of LEO where the orbital plane precesses to maintain a constant angle relative to the Sun. This provides consistent lighting conditions on every pass — essential for Earth observation, weather monitoring and environmental science. Within ±50 km of SAUDISAT 2’s average altitude, there are currently 262 active payloads and 1,491 tracked debris or rocket body fragments — notable neighbours include TERRA, AQUA, LANDSAT 9. With an inclination of 98.5°, SAUDISAT 2 passes over latitudes between 98.5°N and 98.5°S, providing near-global coverage including the polar regions. Polar and near-polar orbits are used for reconnaissance, weather monitoring and Earth-observation missions that need to image every part of the planet. SAUD operates approximately 15 active satellites in total, of which 9 share a similar altitude band with SAUDISAT 2.