SL-8 R/B

SL-8 R/B is a spent rocket body associated with Russia (CIS), launched on 1969-11-24 from Plesetsk Cosmodrome, Russia on the Sfera launch. After more than 57 years in orbit, it is one of the longest-surviving objects in the space catalogue. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 1,140 km and 1,156 km with an inclination of 74.0°. It travels at approximately 26,211 km/h (7.28 km/s), completing one full orbit every 108 minutes — that’s roughly 13.30 orbits per day. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is ~500–1,000 years. Spent rocket bodies like SL-8 R/B are among the largest pieces of uncontrolled space debris and are priority targets for collision avoidance manoeuvres and future active debris removal efforts.

SL-8 R/B orbits at an average altitude of 1,148 km in the upper LEO band, where atmospheric drag is negligible and objects can persist for centuries to millennia. This altitude is used by broadband constellations like OneWeb and by scientific missions requiring stable orbits far from the densest debris bands. Within ±50 km of SL-8 R/B’s average altitude, there are currently 555 active payloads and 392 tracked debris or rocket body fragments — notable neighbours include ONEWEB-0012, ONEWEB-0010, ONEWEB-0008. With an inclination of 74.0°, SL-8 R/B passes over latitudes between 74.0°N and 74.0°S, covering most populated land masses in both hemispheres. This mid-inclination band balances global coverage with efficient launch energy requirements. Russia (CIS) operates approximately 1,537 active satellites in total, of which 14 share a similar altitude band with SL-8 R/B.