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MediumProximity
RussiaCOSMOS 1994NORAD 19785 · launched Feb 1989Military payload
6.90kmPredicted miss distance
RussiaSL-14 DEBNORAD 26019 · launched Sep 1991Debris
Final forecastFinal forecast, made 7 min before the pass.
After the passBest estimate, from the orbit data published nearest its time: 6.83 km at 28 Oct 23:22 UTC.
Closest approach28 Oct 202623:22 UTC
Drift speed719 m/s2,590 km/h, seen from SL-14 DEB
Altitude1,411 kmlow Earth orbit
Last confirmed28 Oct23:15 UTC · final forecast
Track COSMOS 1994Track SL-14 DEBAll approaches
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RU COSMOS 1994 and RU SL-14 DEB were predicted to reach a closest approach of 6.90 km at 2026-10-28 23:22 UTC, drifting past at about 719 m/s (2,590 km/h) as seen from SL-14 DEB. Final forecast, made 7 min before the pass. Best estimate after the pass, from the orbit data published nearest its time: 6.83 km at 28 Oct 23:22 UTC. Miss distance and time of closest approach are computed by propagating the latest published orbital elements for both objects, and each pass is re-checked every 20 minutes as new element sets are published. See the Satellite Maneuver Tracker for the live picture and space situational awareness for context.

Why it mattersOne side of this pass cannot maneuver, so any avoidance decision rests with the other operator. Screening continues as new element sets arrive.

The Two Objects

Dossiers from the satellite directory
COSMOS 1994Payload
NORAD 19785
CountryCIS
Launched1989-02-10
OrbitLEO · 1,395 × 1,415 km
COSPAR1989-009A
Maneuver capableUnknown
Profile →Globe →
SL-14 DEBDebris
NORAD 26019
CountryCIS
Launched1991-09-28
OrbitLEO · 1,294 × 1,742 km
COSPAR1991-068AE
Maneuver capableNo
Uncontrolled debris fragment tracked by the public catalogue. About space debris →
Profile →Globe →

Where This Happens

Altitude context
DEBRIS BELT 700–1000 KM2006001,0001,5002,000 kmTHIS PASS · 1411 KMISS 420Starlink 550

At 1411 km this pass sits in low Earth orbit. Objects here stay up for decades: there is too little atmospheric drag to clean the band naturally. Why crowded bands matter →

History Between This Pair

1 predicted pass under 10 km
Pair history · COSMOS 1994 ⟷ SL-14 DEB
2026-10-28 23:226.90 km Final forecast0.72 km/s1,411 kmShown above

Repeat encounters are common for objects in near-intersecting orbital planes. Each pass is re-screened as fresh element sets arrive; "Final forecast" means the screening still predicted it within 45 minutes of its time, "Not re-confirmed" means later screening stopped finding it.

Forecast Record

Every figure published for the pass shown above, newest first. Nothing is overwritten: a withdrawn forecast keeps its figure, with the newer check beside it, and the best estimate after the pass is a row of its own.
Computed · figure · predicted time · orbit data · by
1 Nov 23:47 UTC6.83 km Best estimate28 Oct 23:22 UTC30 Oct 08:56 UTCBest estimate
28 Oct 11:39 UTC6.90 km Forecast28 Oct 23:22 UTC27 Oct 20:48 UTCRe-check
27 Oct 23:23 UTC6.86 km Forecast28 Oct 23:22 UTC27 Oct 07:55 UTCScreen

These Objects Elsewhere

Other screened approaches · 7 days
4.46 km11-03 13:11 UTC
COSMOS 1994DELTA 1 DEB
4.95 km11-02 14:24 UTC
COSMOS 1994COSMOS 2255
6.92 km10-27 15:26 UTC
COSMOS 1994COSMOS 1828

How These Numbers Are Computed

Miss distance and TCA come from propagating the latest published orbital elements for both objects and searching for the minimum separation over the screening window. Element sets carry kilometre-scale uncertainty, so figures here describe a close pass, not a collision prediction; a change in either object's published elements re-computes the pass automatically. What is a conjunction? → How conjunction assessment works →

Cite this encounter: Orbital Radar — “COSMOS 1994 ⟷ SL-14 DEB: 6.90 km predicted close approach”, https://orbitalradar.com/conjunction/19785-26019 (accessed 2026-11-03).