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Entry no.
1978-0515

VENERA 12 DESCENT CRAFT

VENERA 12 DESCENT CRAFT (NORAD 12028) landed on Venus on 21 December 1978, 3 months after launch.

Official date
NORAD number
12028
International designator
1978-086C
Object type
Spacecraft
Country
USSR
Launched
14 Sep 1978Baikonur Cosmodrome
Flight ended (UTC)
21 Dec 1978Recorded time 03:30 UTC
Time in orbit
3 months98 days
How it ended
Landed on Venus
Final destination
Venus
Mass
675 kg
Operator
IKI / Babakin
Built by
Lavochkin
Bus
Venera SA
Programme
4V-1 SA

Life in orbit

3 months

Also ended on 21 Dec 1978

2 entries
1978-0513COSMOS 10601978-0514SL-12 R/B(1)

From the same launch

1978-086
In orbit4V-1 No. 361
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Entered in the Orbital Register™, founding volume, September 2026.
Record version 1 · No corrections · orbitalradar.com/register/1978-0515
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