ORBCOMM FM 12

ORBCOMM FM 12 is an active satellite operated by ORBCOMM Inc. (ORBCOMM), launched on 1997-12-23 from Esrange, Sweden. With over 29 years in orbit, it has far exceeded many satellites’ design lifetimes. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 733 km and 739 km with an inclination of 45.0°. It travels at approximately 26,961 km/h (7.49 km/s), completing one full orbit every 100 minutes — that’s roughly 14.47 orbits per day. Its near-circular orbit (eccentricity close to zero) means it maintains a very consistent altitude throughout each revolution. It is part of the Orbcomm constellation group. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is ~25–100 years. Orbital Radar tracks ORBCOMM FM 12 in real time using the latest two-line element set (TLE) data, providing live position, altitude, speed and orbital path updated continuously.

ORBCOMM FM 12 orbits at an average altitude of 736 km in the mid-LEO band, where atmospheric drag is minimal but radiation exposure remains manageable. Objects at this altitude persist for decades to centuries, making debris mitigation critical. This regime is popular for remote sensing constellations and scientific instruments that need stable, long-duration orbits. Within ±50 km of ORBCOMM FM 12’s average altitude, there are currently 359 active payloads and 1,874 tracked debris or rocket body fragments — notable neighbours include TERRA, AQUA, LANDSAT 9. With an inclination of 45.0°, ORBCOMM FM 12 passes over latitudes between 45.0°N and 45.0°S, covering the tropical and temperate zones where most of the world’s population resides. Low-to-mid inclination orbits are efficient to reach from equatorial and mid-latitude launch sites. ORBCOMM operates approximately 58 active satellites in total, of which 47 share a similar altitude band with ORBCOMM FM 12.