GHGSAT-C3

GHGSAT-C3 is an active satellite operated by GHG (Canada), launched on 2022-05-25 from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, United States on the Transporter-5 launch. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 455 km and 462 km with an inclination of 97.7°. It travels at approximately 27,503 km/h (7.64 km/s), completing one full orbit every 94 minutes — that’s roughly 15.36 orbits per day. Its near-polar, sun-synchronous orbit means it passes over any given point on Earth at approximately the same local solar time, ideal for consistent Earth observation lighting conditions. Its near-circular orbit (eccentricity close to zero) means it maintains a very consistent altitude throughout each revolution. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is ~1–3 years. Orbital Radar tracks GHGSAT-C3 in real time using the latest two-line element set (TLE) data, providing live position, altitude, speed and orbital path updated continuously.

GHGSAT-C3 orbits at an average altitude of 459 km in a sun-synchronous orbit (SSO), a specialised subset of LEO where the orbital plane precesses to maintain a constant angle relative to the Sun. This provides consistent lighting conditions on every pass — essential for Earth observation, weather monitoring and environmental science. Within ±50 km of GHGSAT-C3’s average altitude, there are currently 10,735 active payloads and 171 tracked debris or rocket body fragments — notable neighbours include ISS (ZARYA), STARLINK-1017, STARLINK-1039. This makes it one of the more crowded altitude bands, containing roughly 56.6% of all active satellites. With an inclination of 97.7°, GHGSAT-C3 passes over latitudes between 97.7°N and 97.7°S, providing near-global coverage including the polar regions. Polar and near-polar orbits are used for reconnaissance, weather monitoring and Earth-observation missions that need to image every part of the planet. Canada operates approximately 77 active satellites in total, of which 13 share a similar altitude band with GHGSAT-C3.