LAGEOS 1 AKM

LAGEOS 1 AKM is a spent rocket body associated with United States, launched on 1976-05-04 from Vandenberg Space Force Base, United States on the Lageos launch. After more than 50 years in orbit, it is one of the longest-surviving objects in the space catalogue. It orbits in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) at altitudes between 5,835 km and 5,946 km with an inclination of 109.8°. It travels at approximately 20,526 km/h (5.70 km/s), completing one full orbit every 3 hours 45 minutes — that’s roughly 6.39 orbits per day. Spent rocket bodies like LAGEOS 1 AKM are among the largest pieces of uncontrolled space debris and are priority targets for collision avoidance manoeuvres and future active debris removal efforts.

LAGEOS 1 AKM orbits at an average altitude of 5,891 km in Medium Earth Orbit, the region between LEO and GEO (2,000–35,786 km). MEO’s higher altitude gives each satellite a much larger ground footprint than LEO, meaning fewer spacecraft are needed for global coverage — but signal latency is higher and radiation from the Van Allen belts is a significant design constraint. Within ±50 km of LAGEOS 1 AKM’s average altitude, there are currently 4 active payloads and 9 tracked debris or rocket body fragments. This is a relatively sparse altitude band, containing less than 1% of all active satellites. With an inclination of 109.8°, LAGEOS 1 AKM passes over latitudes between 109.8°N and 109.8°S, providing near-global coverage including the polar regions. Polar and near-polar orbits are used for reconnaissance, weather monitoring and Earth-observation missions that need to image every part of the planet. United States operates approximately 13,206 active satellites in total, of which 3 share a similar altitude band with LAGEOS 1 AKM.