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🛰️ SATELLITE · HISTORICAL RECORD

MPL

Re-entered 4 Jan 1999

MPL (NORAD 25605, COSPAR 1999-001A) was a US satellite that re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 4 Jan 1999, launched on 3 Jan 1999 on the MPL mission. It was operated by JPL as part of the Mars Surveyor programme. The spacecraft was built by LMA/DENV on the Mars Surveyor bus, with a mass of 354 kg. Like most satellites in low orbits, it was gradually slowed by atmospheric drag until re-entry. Historical record from Orbital Radar's satellite archive, cross-referenced with the live satellite catalogue.

1999
launched
1999
re-entered
0
years on orbit
354
kg mass

Lifecycle

Launched3 Jan 1999 · on the MPL mission
Operational3 Dec 1999 · entered service
Retired3 Dec 1999 · end of operational service
Re-entered4 Jan 1999 · atmospheric re-entry — object destroyed

Specifications

NORAD ID25605
COSPAR1999-001A
TypeSatellite
OperatorJPL
Country / StateUS
ManufacturerLMA/DENV
BusMars Surveyor
Mass354 kg (290 kg dry)
ProgrammeMars Surveyor
CategoryPLAN
OrbitHEO (EEO)
Altitude185 × -84,447 km
Inclination28.4°

Frequently asked questions

What happened to MPL?

MPL re-entered Earth's atmosphere on 4 Jan 1999, ending a mission that began with its launch in 1999. Objects in low orbits are gradually slowed by atmospheric drag until they fall back and burn up on re-entry.

When did MPL re-enter the atmosphere?

MPL re-entered on 4 Jan 1999, according to Orbital Radar's historical catalogue records.

Who operated and built MPL?

MPL was operated by JPL and built by LMA/DENV (US).

Historical record from the Orbital Radar satellite archive. Sources & methodology: data sources. Accessed 2026-09-06.