TEMPSAT 1

TEMPSAT 1 is an active satellite operated by NRL (United States), launched on 1965-08-13 from Vandenberg Space Force Base, United States on the Dodecapole 2 launch. After more than 61 years in orbit, it is one of the longest-surviving objects in the space catalogue. It orbits in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at altitudes between 1,082 km and 1,184 km with an inclination of 90.0°. It travels at approximately 26,238 km/h (7.29 km/s), completing one full orbit every 108 minutes — that’s roughly 13.34 orbits per day. At its current altitude, the estimated orbital lifetime before atmospheric re-entry is ~500–1,000 years. Orbital Radar tracks TEMPSAT 1 in real time using the latest two-line element set (TLE) data, providing live position, altitude, speed and orbital path updated continuously.

TEMPSAT 1 orbits at an average altitude of 1,133 km in the upper LEO band, where atmospheric drag is negligible and objects can persist for centuries to millennia. This altitude is used by broadband constellations like OneWeb and by scientific missions requiring stable orbits far from the densest debris bands. Within ±50 km of TEMPSAT 1’s average altitude, there are currently 394 active payloads and 438 tracked debris or rocket body fragments — notable neighbours include ONEWEB-0250, ONEWEB-0321, ONEWEB-0334. With an inclination of 90.0°, TEMPSAT 1 passes over latitudes between 90.0°N and 90.0°S, providing near-global coverage including the polar regions. Polar and near-polar orbits are used for reconnaissance, weather monitoring and Earth-observation missions that need to image every part of the planet. United States operates approximately 13,279 active satellites in total, of which 31 share a similar altitude band with TEMPSAT 1.