Mapping the Dark Universe
Euclid is ESA's mission to investigate the two greatest mysteries in cosmology — dark matter and dark energy, which together make up about 95% of the universe. From Sun–Earth L2, its 1.2-metre telescope images billions of galaxies across more than a third of the sky, measuring their shapes and distances to reconstruct how cosmic structure has grown over the past 10 billion years.
A Cosmic Time Machine
By charting the subtle distortions in galaxy shapes caused by gravitational lensing, Euclid maps the invisible scaffolding of dark matter and tests whether dark energy is truly constant or changing over time. Its first major data release in 2026 already delivered one of the largest galaxy catalogues ever produced.